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Exam Details
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NT 4.0 Server Exam Notes :
Planning
 | Minimum Requirements NT Server |
| 486DX/33 |
| 16Mb RAM |
| 130Mb HD |
| FAT32 Win95 only |
Installation & Configuration
| winnt32 for Windows NT 3.5 and above |
| winnt / winnt32 switches: |
| /O Create boot floppies |
| /OX Create boot floppies |
| /B Install without boot floppies |
| /S Reading source files from any drive other than the current drive |
| /T Specifies a drive to contain temp setup files |
| /X Do not create floppies |
| /F Do not verify files copied to floppies |
| /C Skip free-space check on floppies |
Managing Resources
| Printing |
| Manage printer permissions from remote client using NT Explorer |
| Change Spooler location: Printer folder, select Server Properties,
Advanced, enter new path. (must restart the print server for change to take effect) |
| Default path: c:\winnt\system32\spool\ |
| To reprint a document. Select restart from the document menu in printer
folder. |
| To redirect documents to a print device on a different server. Add
logical port and provide the print server name and share name. |
| To create individual spool files create files under:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Printers |
| To move spool files either: create in registry or use Advanced properties
for the print server. |
| Use print jobs properties (right click on print job, properties) to
change priority, reschedule and notify user when job is complete. |
| Cannot delete, create, or configure ports over a network. Must be done on
local server. |
| To change print modes (PCL) use separator page. |
| To print from MS-DOS app: map a physical port to the network printer.
net use LPTx : \\server\printer |
| Printers in a pool always share the same printer name and driver |
| SHARES
 | Subdirectories inherit permission of the parent dir as default share permissions. |
|
| Promote a BDC to a PDC using Server Manager. |
| If user belongs to multiple groups least restrictive rights take precedence. |
| If resource has File and Share Securities enabled: the MOST RESTRICTIVE takes
precedence. |
| No access = NO ACCESS! |
| NTFS vs. FAT
| If you move files within the same NTFS partition, they will retain their original
permissions |
| If you move a file between different NTFS partition the file inherits the compression of
the folder. If moved within the same partition, then save original attributes. |
|
| FAT |
| No local security |
| Convert to NTFS using convert.exe |
| File moved from FAT to NTFS retains attributes and long file name (LFN) |
| NTFS |
| Local security |
| Cannot convert to FAT, must be deleted and recreated |
| File moved from NTFS to FAT do not retain attributes or security BUT do retain LFN |
| FAULT TOLERANCE |
| RAID 0 No tolerance, fastest speed (Disk striping without parity,
volume sets). |
| RAID 1 Fault tolerant, slowest (Disk mirroring (slower), duplexing
(faster)). |
| RAID 5 Fault tolerant, intermediate speed (Disk striping with parity) |
| Disk Admin |
| Commit changes Now on partition menu |
| You cannot delete the system partition or any part of a partition set without deleting
the entire set. |
| General Disk |
| ONLY mirror sets can contain the system or boot partitions. HOWEVER boot and/or
system can be on a different partition on the same physical disk. |
| Mirroring / Duplexing |
| RAID 1 |
| To recover from failure, install new drive, break the mirror and then recreate. |
| Volume Set |
| RAID 0 |
| Spread over multiple physical disks |
| Disk striping without parity |
| RAID 0 |
| Minimum of 2 physical disks |
| To recover from failure, you have to install from backup |
| Disk striping with parity |
| RAID 5 |
| 3 32 physical drives |
| To recover from failure, install new drive and regenerate (on fault tolerance menu) the
strip from disk admin. |
| To recover from multiple disk failure, you have to restore from backup. |
| For 3 disks ― disk space will be used for parity
info. For 4 disks Ό will be used. |
| Fastest read for fault tolerant systems. |
| Groups |
| Global groups are assigned to local groups |
| Global groups only created on domain controllers |
| Local groups are assigned rights or permissions to resources. |
| Global groups can only contain user accounts from the domain in which
they reside. |
| Users |
| User and group accounts cannot be recreated once they have been deleted. |
| Profiles and Policies |
| Logon scripts should be exported from the PDC to all BDC |
| ONLY servers can be used for export |
| All files to be exported need to be in a sub dir of: \winnt\System32\Repl\Export |
| Default export dir for logon scripts: \winnt\System32\Repl\Export\Scripts |
Connectivity
| DHCP NetBIOS name, DNS, WINS, default gateway. |
| After 50% of lease time a client will ask DHCP for renewal of lease. If server not
available then after 87.5% of time client will broadcast to any DHCP server available. |
| Binding ONLY has any effect on the client side. |
NetWare
| Gateway Services for NetWare (GSNW) |
| Enables NT to access NW file and print services directly. |
| Enables NT to act as a gateway to NW resources. Non-NW clients can access
NW. |
| All access through a single connection to NW. |
| Supports both NDS and bindery based NW systems. |
| Server Message Block (SMB) (NT, 95, WfW) can access a share through GSNW.
|
| GSNW essentially enables you to create an NT share for a resource on a NW
server. MS clients that use SMB can then access the share even if they dont have NW
client software. |
| Add a NTGATEWAY group to the NW server. |
| Client Services for NetWare (CSNW) |
| CSNW allows NT Workstation to access file & print on NW. |
| CSNW is incorporated in GSNW for NT Server. |
| File and Print Services for NetWare (FPNW) |
| Allows NW clients to access NT resources. |
| Sold as an add-on for NT |
| Directory Service Manager for NetWare (DSNW) |
| Add-on integrates NW and NT user and group info. |
| Allows single network login. |
| Migration Tool for NetWare |
| Only installed after GSNW |
| NT using NWLink can connect to client/server app on NW (without requiring additional
services). |
| A NW client running IPX can access an NT server running FPNW. |
| NW client that supports Named Pipes, winsock, IPX can access a NWLink-enabled NT Server
running a server-based app, such as SQL Server. |
| Default frame type before 3.12 = 802.3 |
| Default frame type 3.12, 4.x = 802.2 |
| With networks older than 3.12 manual detection MUST be used. |
RAS
| NT Server = 256 Concurrent connections |
| NT Workstation = 1 connection. |
| Connect through PSTN, ISDN, X.25, PPTP |
| Only supports PPP SLIP is not supported for dialup. |
| PPP has more overhead than SLIP but provides error checking and recovery |
| NetBIOS gateway is established between server and client. |
| Supports IP and IPX routing |
| Supports NetBIOS and winsock apps |
| Supports IP, IPX and NetBEUI both dial-in and out. |
| AutoDial does not support NWLink (only IP and NetBEUI) |
| If slow TCP connection put LMHOSTS (WINS) and HOST (DNS) on client. If LMHOSTS have #PRE
tag, IP addresses are cached. |
| Security Security tab of phonebook, outbound. Network Protocol Configuration,
inbound. |
| RAS logging if registry enabled - \winnt\System32\RAS |
| Security
| Allow any auth including clear text (PAP) Used to connect to non-NT Server. |
| Require encrypted auth (CHAP) Used to connect to non-NT Server. |
| Require MS encrypted auth (MS-CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) |
|
Monitoring & Optimisation
| Default size - RAM + 12Mb for system |
| Config Page file - Change button / performance tab / system app - remember to hit Set -
changes only take place after reboot |
| Optimising page file = create one file per physical disk except boot partition. |
| Move page file to disk with lowest disk activity - i.e. not the boot partition. |
| Large Page file - apps take longer to start, disk fragmentation |
| Do not place page file on stripe disk with parity |
| Min memory used - Up to 10 connections |
| Balanced - Up to 64 connections |
| File Sharing - 64 or more connections, file server (Access) |
| Network - 64 or more connections, SQL Server |
| Performance Monitor |
| To use network monitors, Network Monitor Agent must be installed on the
Server. |
| To use TCP/IP related monitors SNMP must be installed. |
| To use the disk monitors run diskperf.exe y |
| Only one user, group or machine can be selected for an alert (If its an
administrative alert then more than one user can receive it) |
| Monitors |
| Pages/Sec excessive disk paging add more ram. |
| Available bytes virtual memory available. |
| Committed bytes memory in use by apps. |
| % Processor Time Amount of time processor is in use. |
| % Disk Time Amount of time the disk is in use. |
| Average Disk Queue Length how many system requests are waiting for disk access. |
Troubleshooting
| Cant boot from ERD |
| Create ERD using rdisk.exe |
| Rdisk.exe /s backs up user account and file security |
| ERD checks system files, start up and boot sector |
| Use DUMPEXAM to examine dump files |
| System log contains info about services and drivers that fail to start |
| NTBackup |
| Incremental less time to back up, more to restore |
| Differential more time to back up, less to restore |
| Default log to \Winnt\BACKUP.LOG |
| Cannot backup remote registry |
| Boot Floppy |
| BOOT.INI edit ARC |
| NTLDR |
| NTDETECT.COM |
| NTBOOTTDD.SYS if BIOS translation is disabled |
| BOOTSECT.DOS if multiboot |
| ARC Names |
| Multi(x) |
Controller card, starts at 0 |
| Scsi(x) |
Scsi controller when BIOS is disabled. Starts
at 0 |
| Disk(x) |
Scsi disk number. If multi then = 0. Starts at
0. |
| Rdisk(x) |
Disk number. If scsi then = 0. Starts at 0. |
| Partition(x) |
Partition number. Starts at 1. |
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